Bupleurum yenchowense Shan et Y Li
Perennial, 20 to 50 cm high. Main roots long and straight, grayish at surface. Leaves oblanceolate 5 to 8 cm long, 2 to 5 mm wide, acute at apex. Umbellules 6- to 12-flowered, 4 to 8 per umbel. FIGURE 2.3 Bupleurum smithii Wolff var. parvifolium Shan et Y. Li. FIGURE 2.3 Bupleurum smithii Wolff var. parvifolium Shan et Y. Li. FIGURE 2.4 Bupleurum marginatum Wall. ex DC. var. stenophyllum Shan et Y. Li. FIGURE 2.4 Bupleurum marginatum Wall. ex DC. var. stenophyllum Shan et Y. Li. Bracts 1 to 3...
Info Kbh
radix see Chapters 13 and 16 and, therefore, analysis of this crude drug is significant for the analysis of a model crude drug. Moreover, Chinese herbal medicines are ethical drugs that are listed in the NHI National Health Insurance Price Standards of Japan, and therefore, the aforementioned analysis is also important in terms of the appropriate use of medical expenses. Mitogens induce lymphoblastogenesis, and bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide LPS and concanavalin A, a plant agglutinin,...
Bupleurum sibiricum Vest Figure 29
Perennial, 30 to 80 cm high. Root straight, brown to gray at surface. Leaves basal linear-lanceolate 10 to 25 cm long, 0.5 to 1.5 cm wide, attenuate to petiolate at base cauline narrowly lanceolate, 5 to 12 cm long, 0.6 to 1 cm wide, acuminate to obtuse-acute at apex, attenuate at base. Umbellules 10- to 22-flowered, 5 to 14 per umbel. Bracts 1 to 2, unequal bracteoles 7 to 12, elliptic-lanceolate, 5 to 7 mm long, 1.5 to 3 mm wide. Fruit ovoid, 3 to 3.5 mm long, 1.5 to 2.5 mm wide. Vitta 3 at...
Info Iss
FIGURE 3.2 The vessels in radial section of B. chinense DC. original magnification X900 . 1, spiral vessel 2, reticulated vessel 3, annular vessel 4, pitted vessel. FIGURE 3.2 The vessels in radial section of B. chinense DC. original magnification X900 . 1, spiral vessel 2, reticulated vessel 3, annular vessel 4, pitted vessel. found in the primary xylem, which otherwise is not obvious. Some species have pitted vessels in the secondary xylem, e.g., B. chinense, B. smithii var. parvifolium, B....
References Bqe
Abe, H., Sakaguchi, M., Yamada, M., Ariki, S., and Odoshima, S. 1980 Pharmacological actions of saiko-saponins isolated from Bupleurum falcatum. 1. Effects of saikosaponins on liver function, Planta Med., 40, 366-372. Ballero, M. and Fresu, I. 1991 Piante officinali impiegate in fitoterapia nel territorio del Marganai Sardegna Sud Occidentale , Fitoterapia, 52 6 , 525-531. Debenedetti, S.L., Nadinic, J.K., Palacios, P.S., Coussio, J.D., Boeykens, M., and De Kimpe, N. 1994 a 5,6,7-trioxygenated...
Bupleurum aureum Fisch
Perennial, 50 to 120 cm high, with short creeping rhizome. Main roots not obvious. Leaves large, broadly ovate or wide elliptical, basal and lower cauline with long petiole, 8 to 17 cm long, 2.5 to 6 cm wide, upper cauline 12 to 20 cm long, 3 to 3.5 cm wide, auriculately amplexicaul or perfoliate at base, 9- to 13-veined. Umbellules 15- to 20-flowered, 6 to 10 per umbel. Bracts 3 to 5, unequal, bracteoles 5 to 7, broadly ovate to obovate, 5 to 12 mm long, 7 to 9 mm wide. Fruit oblong or...
Oh
Kubota T and Hinoh H, 1968a Ishii H et al., 1980 Kubota T and Hinoh H, 1968a Seto H et al., 1986a TABLE 7.1 CONTINUED Saikosaponins and Their Structures 13,28-epoxyolean-11-en-3 -yl- -D-glucopyranosyl 1-2 - -D-glucopyranosyl 1-3 - -D-fucopyranoside R2 -H R2 -OH R1 -OH R2 -OH glu- 1 3 - - -D-fuc-R1 -OH R2 -OH 1 3 - - -D-fuc-R1 -OH R2 -OH 29-CH2OH 1 3 - - -D-fuc-R1 -OH R2 -OH 29-CH3 30-COOH 1 3 - - -D-fuc-R1 -OH R2 -OH 29-CH2OH 30-COOH 1 3 - - -D-fuc-R1 -OH R2 -OH 29-CH3 30-CH2OH 1 3 - -...
Info Ejs
Six new sulfated saikosaponins 89 through 94 together with buddlejasaponin IV 95 were isolated from the aerial parts of B. rigidum Sanchez-Contreras et al., 1998, 2000 . Buddlejasaponin IV 95 was also identified in B. gibraltaricum Barrero et al., 2000b and B. fruticosum Guinea et al., 1994 , while saikogenin F 96 was found in B. fruticosum Guinea et al., 1994 . 89 R1 R2 CH3 R3 R5 H R, SO- Sandrosaponin I 94 Sandrosaponin VI 90 R1 CH3 R2 CH2OH R3 SO- R4 R5 H Sandrosaponin II 91 R1 CH2OH R2 CH3...
References Psp
Chen, X.K., Zhan, R.Y., Zhang, Z.L., Jiang, T.Y., and Wang. B. 1993 Isolation and identification of two new saponins from Bupleurum smithii, Acta Pharm. Sin., 28 5 , 352-357. Hosoda, K. and Noguchi, M. 1990 Studies on the cultivation of Bupleurumfalcatum L. I. Effects of cultivation condition on the root growth and saponin contents, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38 2 , 436-438. Kim, K.S., Ryu, S.N., Seong, N.S., Lee, S.T., and Chae, Y.A. 1997 Distribution of saikosaponins and their variation due to plant...
Main Chemical Constituents Of Italian Bupleurum Spp
A relatively small number of Bupleurum species about a quarter of the total have been subjected to phytochemical investigations the main constituents and the most bioactive components are triterpene glycosides of the oleanane series named saikosaponins Nose et al., 1989 Guinea et al., 1994 , but occurrence of polyphenolic compounds, i.e., phenylpropanoids Massanet et al., 1997 , lignanes Luo et al., 1993 Estevez-Braun et al., 1994b, 1995 , coumarins Gonzalez et al., 1975 Pistelli et al., 1996 ,...
References Uww
Barrero, A.F., Ha dour, A., Reyes, F., Sedqui, A., and Mansour, A.I. 1998 Monoterpene aldehydes from Bupleurum gibraltaricum, J. Nat. Prod, 61, 506-507. Barrero, A.F., Herrador, M.M., Akssira, M., Arteaga, P., and Romera, J.L. 1999 Lignans and polyacetylenes from Bupleurum acutifolium. J. Nat. Prod., 62, 946-948. Barrero, A.F., Herrador, M.M., Akssira, M., and Arteaga, P. 2000a Glicosidos flavonoides de Bupleurum acutifolium. Deuxi me Colloque Andalou-Marocain sur la Chemie des Produits...
Info Xta
a Leaf area leaf length X leaf width. b Width Length W L leaf width leaf length X 100. a Leaf area leaf length X leaf width. b Width Length W L leaf width leaf length X 100. than Mishima and fruit ripening was in mid-October in Suwon region. The main growth characters of a plant were plant height 61 cm , number of branches 8 , number of nodes 18 , number of flowers 9 to 10 , width and length of leaf 14.7 cm , and flowering period was in mid-October in the Jeongsun population Table 6.9 . The...
Bupleurum exaltatum MarschBieb
Perennial, 40 to 80 cm high. Root brown yellowy at surface, with several fingerlike branches at the top. Leaves basal narrowly linear, 8 to 12 cm long, 2 to 4 mm wide, attenuate to amplexicaule at base lower cauline lanceolate to tapered, up to 9 cm long, 3 mm wide, 3- to 5-veined, upper cauline tapered, 5 mm long and 1 mm wide, 1- to 3-veined. Umbellules 5- to 10-flowered, 3 to 5 per umbel. Bracts 2 to 3, narrowly lanceolate, 1 to 6 mm long, 0.5 to 1 mm wide bracteoles 5, FIGURE 2.12 Bupleurum...
Ii
TABLE 7.1 CONTINUED Saikosaponins and Their Structures acid 79. 3 ,16a28-Trihydroxyolean- 81. 3 ,16a28-Trihydroxyolean- b3 b3 b3 b4 b4
References Bex
Abe, H., Sakaguchi, M., Yamada, M., Arich, S., and Odashima, S. 1980 Pharmacological actions of saiko-saponins isolated from Bupleurum falcatum, Planta Med., 40, 366-372. Abe, H., Sakaguchi, M., Odashima, S., and Arich, S. 1982 Protective effect of saikosaponin-d isolated from Bupleurum falcatum L. on CCl4-induced liver injury in the rat, Nauyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol., 320, 266-271. Abe, H., Orita, M., Konishi, H., Arichi, S., and Odashima, S. 1985 Effects of saikosaponin-d on enhanced...
The Contributors
College of Pharmacy Chungnam National University Taejon, Republic of Korea Departamento de Qu mica Org nica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Campus de Fuentenueva Granada, Spain Departamento de Qu mica Org nica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Campus de Fuentenueva Granada, Spain Division of Industrial Crop National Crop Experiment Station Kwonsunku Seodun-dong Suwon, Republic of Korea Pharmaceutical Industrial Institute of Shandong Jinan, People's Republic of China...
Micropropagation Of Bupleurum Fruticosum
A micropropagation protocol of B. fruticosum L. was developed in order to obtain a great number of plants for the production of secondary metabolites. Bupleurum fruticosum propagation from seeds has been found to be particularly difficult because seeds germinate with difficulty and lose their viability in a short period of time. Furthermore, propagation from seeds often results in a high variability in the progeny. Micropropagation can give rise to a large number of homogeneous plants, which...
ShengLi Pan
Bupleurum is a genus of family Umbelliferae Apiaceae , comprising about 200 species and primarily located in the Northern Hemisphere, Eurasia, and North Africa. The anatomy of the more important species and their geographical distribution are given in Chapters 2 and 3. The chromosomes are considered in relation to classification and cross-breeding in Chapter 4. Under the name of Chaihu Saiko in Japanese and Shiho in Korean , the roots of several species from the genus have been frequently used...
R
In all, 20 new lignans have been obtained from B. salicifolium Gonz lez et al., 1989, 1990a, 1990b, 1990c Est vez-Reyes et al., 1992, 1993 Est vez-Braun et al., 1994a, 1995 , B. acutifolium Barrero et al., 1999 , and B. fruticescens Gonz lez et al., 1975 . Their structures were shown to be 12 through 31. Other lignans isolated from these species were 32 through 49. Lignans 24 and 41 also have been identified in B. hadiense L pez et al., 1996 , together with 50. Salicifoliol 51, a...
References 1
Li, G.M. 1989 The original plants of Chaihu Bupleurum in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and Xinjiang Province of China, Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, 14, 262-267. Li, Y. and She, M.L. 1979 Bupleurum, Flora Republicae Popularis Sin., 55 1 , 215-295. Li, Y., Pan, S.L., and Luo, S.Q. 1984 Two new species of the genus Bupleurum Umbelliferae from China, Acta Phytotaxon. Sin., 22, 131-138. Li, Y., Pan, S.L., and Luo, S.Q. 1986 A new species of the genus Bupleurum Umbelliferae from China, Acta...
Oh Ibu
FIGURE 7.4 Metabolites of saikosaponin-c formed in the alimentary tract. Structural transformation in gastric juice.- Structural transformation in intestinal contents. capensin, fraxetin, herniarin, limettin, prenyletin, aesculetin, angelicin, anomalin, etc. Their structures are shown in Chapters 8 and 9. Zhao et al. 1987 isolated four new polyacetylenes from B. longiradiatum Turcz., and named them bupleurotoxin, bupleuronol, acetyl-bupleurotoxin, and bupleurynol. Bupleurotoxin and...
Contents 1
2.2 Characteristics of Bupleurum 2.2.1 General 2.2.2 Main Medicinal Species of Bupleurum in 2.2.2.1 Bupleurum chinense 2.2.2.2 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium 2.2.2.3 Bupleurum smithii Wolff var. parvifolium Shan et Y. Li 12 2.2.2.4 Bupleurum marginatum Wall. ex DC. var. stenophyllum Shan et Y. 2.2.2.5 Bupleurum yenchowense Shan et Y. 2.2.2.6 Bupleurum bicaule 2.2.2.7 Bupleurum angustissimum Franch. 2.2.2.8 Bupleurum polyclonum Y. Li et S.L. Pan Pan et al., 1984 13 2.2.2.9 Bupleurum kunmingense Y....
Bupleurum krylovianum Schisch K ex Kryl
Perennial, 40 to 100 cm high. Root brown yellowy at surface, with several fingerlike branches at the top. Leaves basal narrowly lanceolate, 10 to 20 cm long, 1 to 2 cm wide, attenuate to petiolate at base lower cauline lanceolate, 4 to 17 mm long, 0.7 to 1.5 mm wide, acute at apex, cuneate at base upper cauline smaller. Umbellules 16- to 22-flowered, 10 to 20 per umbel. Bracts 4 to 8, unequal, 4 to 12 mm long, 0.5 to 3 mm wide bracteoles 5, ovate-lanceolate, 3 to 4 mm long, 1 to 1.5 mm wide....
Bupleurum longicaule Wall ex DC var giraldii Wolff
Perennial, 20 to 50 cm high. Root slender, grayish at surface. Stem hollowed, usually sparingly branched. Leaves basal and lower cauline linear to oblanceolate, papery, 6 to 12 cm long, 0.8 to 1.2 cm wide, cuneate at base upper cauline lanceolate to ovate, 1.5 to 5 cm long, 1 to 2 cm wide, auriculate amplexicaule at base. Umbellules 10- to 16-flowered, 4 to 9 per umbel. Bracts 3 to 4, ovate, unequal bracteoles 5 to 6, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate, 3 to 4 mm long, 1.5 to 3 mm wide. Fruit...
Bupleurum candollei Wall ex DC
Perennial, 80 to 150 cm high. Root hard, lignous highly, grayish at surface. Leaves basal and lower cauline linear lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, 12 to 15 cm long, 5 to 8 mm wide, attenuate at base 11- to 13-veined, middle and upper cauline flatted, oblong, 1.5 to 4 cm long, 0.8 to 1 cm wide, obtuse-acute at apex, cuneate at base, semi-amplexicaule, 15 to 19-veined. Umbellules 10- to 15-flowered, 4 to 8 per umbel. Bracts 3 to 5, ovate, unequal, 3 to 20 mm long, 2 to 10 mm wide 7-to 17-veined,...
Bupleurum rockii Wolff Figure 28
Perennial, 40 to 60 cm high. Rhizome straight, brown black at surface. Leaves basal oblong, 8 to 12 cm long, 1 to 1.2 cm wide cauline ovate to elliptic, amplexicaule at base, 2 to 7 cm long, 1.2 to 2 cm wide, sometimes with broad reddish margin, 9- to 19-veined. Umbellules 11- to 14-flowered, FIGURE 2.7 Bupleurum kunmingense Y. Li et S.L. Pan. 6 to 10 per umbel. Bracts 1 to 3, unequal, broadly ovate, 6 to 20 mm long, 5 to 12 mm wide 9-to 15-veined, bracteoles 5 to 6, obovate, 4 to 5 mm long, 3...
Bupleurum marginatum Wall ex DC var stenophyllum Shan et Y Li Figure 24
Perennial, 60 to 100 cm high. Rhizome very long, sometimes reached 80 cm, and hardly differentiated from root. Leaves linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, with whitish cartilaginous margin, 6 to 10 cm long, 3 to 5 mm wide. Umbellules 6- to 14-flowered, 4 to 7 per umbel. Bracts 3 to 5, lanceolate bracteoles 5, lanceolate, 1 to 2.5 mm long, 0.4 to 0.6 mm wide. Fruit oblong, 2.5 to 3.5 mm long, 1.5 to 2 mm wide. Vitta 3 at vallecula and 4 at commissure. A common species distributed in southern and...
The Chromosomes Of Bupleurum L
4.2.1 Characteristics of Somatic Chromosomes in the Species of Bupleurum Investigated For the purpose of this study, several species of Bupleurum were cytologically investigated. In Figure 4.1, somatic chromosomes of B. fruticosum L. in A, C, E and B. ranuncuroides L. in B, D, F at metaphase, prophase, and resting stage are shown. At the metaphase, 2n 14 and 2n 42 5B a new report were counted in B. fruticosum Figure 4.1A and B. ranuncuroides Figure 4.1B , respectively. Chromosomes at metaphase...